What Is Gum Disease?
Gum disease is caused by plaque, a sticky film of bacteria that constantly forms on the teeth. These bacteria produce toxins that can damage the gums and supporting structures of the teeth.
Stages of Gum Disease
Gingivitis
- Mild inflammation of the gums
- Plaque and tartar build up at the gumline
- Gums may appear red, swollen, and bleed during brushing or flossing
Periodontitis
- Plaque spreads below the gumline and infection develops
- Damage occurs to supporting bone and fibers
- Gums may pull away from the tooth, forming pockets
- Pockets trap plaque and food particles
Advanced Periodontitis
- Infection continues to destroy bone and supporting tissues
- Gums recede further
- Teeth may shift, loosen, or affect your bite
- Tooth removal may be necessary to prevent further damage
How Can I Prevent Gum Disease?
- Brush your teeth twice daily using fluoride toothpaste
- Use a soft-bristled or electric toothbrush
- Clean between your teeth daily with floss
- Maintain a balanced diet and limit snacking
- Visit your dentist regularly for checkups and cleanings
Early gum disease can often be reversed with consistent brushing, flossing, and professional care.
Gum Disease Treatment Options
Professional Cleaning and Plaque Control
Routine dental cleanings, brushing, and daily cleaning between the teeth help remove plaque before it hardens into tartar and irritates the gums.
Scaling and Root Planing
Scaling and root planing, sometimes called a deep cleaning, removes plaque and tartar from below the gumline and smooths the root surfaces so the gums can heal more effectively.
Flap Surgery
The gum is lifted to remove infection and clean the area. The bone may be reshaped, and the gum is repositioned and sutured for healing.
Warning Signs of Gum Disease
If you notice any of the following symptoms, contact your dentist as soon as possible:
- Gums that bleed during brushing or flossing
- Red, swollen, or tender gums
- Gums that have pulled away from the teeth
- Persistent bad breath
- Pus between teeth and gums
- Loose teeth
- Changes in how your teeth fit together when you bite
- Changes in the fit of partial dentures
How Is Gum Disease Diagnosed?
Your dentist checks for signs of gum disease during an exam by looking for inflammation, bleeding, gum recession, loose teeth, and changes in your bite.
Pocket depths may be measured around the teeth, and dental X-rays may be recommended to check for bone loss.
Questions & Answers
Is gum disease reversible?
Gingivitis, the earliest stage of gum disease, can often be reversed with professional care and consistent brushing and flossing. More advanced periodontitis can usually be managed, but damage to bone and supporting tissues may not fully reverse.
Why do my gums bleed when I brush or floss?
Bleeding gums can be a sign of inflammation caused by plaque buildup. If bleeding continues, schedule a dental visit so your dentist can check for gingivitis or periodontitis.
Can gum disease cause tooth loss?
Yes. If gum disease progresses, it can damage the bone and tissues that support the teeth, which may lead to loose teeth or tooth loss.
When should I see a periodontist?
Your dentist may recommend a periodontist if gum disease is advanced, if deep pockets are present, if bone loss is found, or if surgical treatment may be needed.
Gum Disease Treatment and Payment Options
The cost of gum disease treatment depends on the stage of disease, the number of areas being treated, and whether care involves routine cleaning, scaling and root planing, periodontal maintenance, or surgical treatment.
Greenberg Dental & Orthodontics works with many insurance plans and offers payment options to help make periodontal care more manageable.
Helpful Patient Resources
Concerned About Bleeding Gums?
Gum disease can progress without obvious pain. Early evaluation can help protect your gums, teeth, and supporting bone.
Schedule a visit at one of our Florida locations if you notice bleeding gums, bad breath, gum recession, loose teeth, or changes in your bite.